The periodic table and valence electrons3/21/2024 Valence is the number of connections an atom tends to form. Iodine is more likely to gain one electron. Scientists soon observed patterns in the valence of the different elements. Selenium is more likely to gain two electrons. Answer 6Īn Al atom is more likely to lose three electrons. Answer 5Ĭa atom is more likely to lose two electrons. Lothar Meyer in his 1864 book, Die modernen Theorien der Chemie, contained an early version of the periodic table containing 28 elements. Positive charges repel each other, so an ionic compound is not likely between two positively charged ions. Ionic bonds are formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions. The octet rule is the concept that atoms tend to have eight electrons in their valence electron shell. Do you think it will lose seven electrons or gain one electron to obtain an octet in its outermost electron shell? Write the formula of the resulting ion. An iodine atom has seven valence electrons. Hence in bromine group 7 valence electrons are present. Electronic configuration of bromine is Ar4s☣d✔p. Generally, elements in Groups 1, 2, and 13 to 17 tend to react to form a closed shell, corresponding to the electron configuration s2p6. That is why elements whose atoms have the same number of valence electrons are grouped together in the Periodic Table. Do you think it will lose six electrons or gain two electrons to obtain an octet in its outermost electron shell? Write the formula of the resulting ion.Ĩ. As it is given that bromine belongs from the VIIA group of the periodic table and in the bromine atom 7 valence electrons are present and all atoms of this group will have same number of valence electrons. The valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost electron shell of an atom. A selenium atom has six valence electrons. Do you think it will lose three electrons or gain five electrons to obtain an octet in its outermost electron shell? Write the formula of the resulting ion.ħ. An aluminum atom has three valence electrons. Do you think it will lose two electrons or gain six electrons to obtain an octet in its outermost electron shell? Write the formula of the resulting ion.Ħ. The periodic table gives an atoms electron configuration based upon its location within the table. (a)The element with electron configuration: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5 (b)A noble gases with f electrons (c) a fifth-period element whose atoms have three unpaired p electrons (d) First rowtransition metals having one 4s electron. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading from left to right. PeriodA horizontal row in the periodic table. Members of a group typically have similar properties and electron configurations in their outer shell. There are some exceptions to the predicted filling order, particularly when half-filled or completely. Without using a periodic table or any other references, fill in the correct box in the periodic table with the letter of each question. GroupA vertical column in the periodic table. In the periodic table, elements with analogous valence electron configurations usually occur within the same group. Thus, the periodic table becomes a tool for remembering the charges on many ions. Electrons in the outermost orbitals, called valence electrons, are responsible for most of the chemical behavior of elements. A calcium atom has two valence electrons. In many cases, elements that belong to the same group (vertical column) on the periodic table form ions with the same charge because they have the same number of valence electrons. Why is an ionic compound unlikely to consist of two negatively charged ions?ĥ. This similarity occurs because the members of a group have the same number and distribution of electrons in their valence shells. Why is an ionic compound unlikely to consist of two positively charged ions?Ĥ. We can see from the electron configuration of a carbon atom1 s2 2 s2 2 p2 that it has 4 valence electrons (2 s2 2 p2) and 2 core electrons (1 s2 ). Identify elements that will have the most similar properties to a given element. Valence shell electrons (or, more simply, the valence electrons) are the electrons in the highest-numbered shell, or valence shell, while core electrons are the electrons in lower-numbered shells. \) can both react with water, but K has a more radical reaction because it has more shells of core electrons which makes the valence electron in its outermost orbital much easier to lose than the valence electron of Na.\)ģ. Explain the relationship between the chemical behavior of families in the periodic table and their valence electrons.
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